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KMID : 0904520200550010005
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Health and Medical Sociology
2020 Volume.55 No. 1 p.5 ~ p.30
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Understanding risk-perception of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors between public and nurses based on a semantic network analysis: Based on Risk communication
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Sohn Ae-Ree
Han Suk-Jung
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Abstract
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This qualitative research study was carried out with a semantic network analysis to evaluate the understanding of COVID-19 risk perception and preventive behavior of 11 ordinary people and eight nurses. As a result of the analysis of centrality, there were 36 keywords of the general public, and the frequency of mention was high in the order of home, friend, and school. The keyword with degree centrality was “home.” In the case of nurses, there were 57 keywords, in the order of patients, hospitals, and COVID-19, and the keywords with degree centrality were “patient” and “hospital.” As a result of the community analysis, four clusters were found for both the public and nurses. The public had a “daily risk awareness (G1)” centering on “house” and “family,” and it was linked to “COVID-19 perception” and “collective infection risk awareness.” It showed a network structure connected to “preventive behavior.” Nurses focused on “patient,” “COVID-19,” and “hospital,” with an emphasis on “fear of the possibility of infectious agent (G4),” showing a network structure connected with “COVID-19 awareness (G2),” “hospital infection prevention environment and guidelines(G3),” and “preventive actions in daily life (G1).” The public underestimated their infection risk as lower than that of others, and nurses were more anxious that they could become infected and infect their families or others. The public recognized the risk of COVID-19, centering on living areas such as the home, workplace, and school but feared that their daily lives would have to adapt to the infectious disease instead of the other way around. They complained of stress and anxiety about the increase in the probability of infection due to the increase in the number of confirmed patients in the residence.
In the case of the public, masks were the most influential preventive action among everyday preventive actions. There were many reactions that it was difficult to practice social distancing and refrain from going out, and this resulted in a weak influence, suggesting that optimistic prejudice was working. On the other hand, in the case of nurses, they performed their work in a thorough quarantine state, even in hospitals, controlled themselves through thorough social distancing in daily life, and strictly followed the government’s infection prevention guidelines such as hand washing and mask use. Others even showed a tendency to avoid interpersonal relationships with nurses working in hospitals with COVID-19 patients, because they were stigmatized.
This research found that practical implications which include risk communication and psycho-social support of nurses should be directed at achieving sociocultural understanding. This finding can contribute to the development of effective intervention programs.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, Risk-perception, Preventive behavior, Semantic network analysis, Qualitative research, Risk communication
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FullTexts / Linksout information
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Listed journal information
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